EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POOR GOVERNANCE AND SUB-NATIONAL CONFLICTS IN AFRICA

CAUSES, IMPACTS AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS

Abstract

The nexus between poor governance and sub-national conflicts in Africa is a critical issue that undermines stability and development across the continent. Poor governance, characterized by corruption, weak institutions, and inequitable resource distribution, often acts as a catalyst for localized conflicts. These conflicts, driven by ethnic, political, or regional grievances, have broader implications for national and regional stability. This paper explores the root causes of poor governance, including the colonial legacy, corruption, weak institutions, and exclusionary politics, and examines their role in fueling sub-national conflicts. Case studies from Nigeria’s Niger Delta, Sudan’s Darfur, and the Democratic Republic of Congo’s Kivu region provide evidence of how governance deficits exacerbate localized tensions. The paper also outlines the socio-economic, political, and regional consequences of these conflicts, including displacement, economic stagnation, and erosion of state legitimacy. To address these challenges, the paper proposes policy recommendations focusing on strengthening governance structures, promoting inclusivity, ensuring equitable resource distribution, and enhancing conflict resolution mechanisms. These reforms are crucial for preventing further escalation of conflicts and fostering long-term stability. By improving governance, African nations can unlock their potential for sustainable development and peaceful coexistence.